Unwrapping Christmas in Scotland: From Historical Bans to Modern Celebrations
- Clan Baird Society Worldwide, Inc.
- Dec 24, 2025
- 3 min read
Christmas in Scotland carries a story unlike many other places. While today it is a time of joy, lights, and family gatherings, the journey to this festive spirit was far from straightforward. Scotland’s Christmas traditions have been shaped by centuries of history, religious influence, and social change. This post explores the historical roots of Christmas in Scotland, the period when the holiday was banned, and how modern Scotland embraces Christmas today.
The Historical Roots of Christmas in Scotland
Christmas in Scotland has deep historical roots dating back to medieval times. Early Scottish Christmas celebrations were influenced by both Celtic and Christian traditions. The festival was originally a religious occasion, marking the birth of Jesus Christ, but it also incorporated older customs related to the winter solstice.
In the Middle Ages, Christmas was a major feast day in Scotland. Churches held special services, and communities gathered for feasting and merriment. Historical records show that Scottish kings and nobles celebrated Christmas with lavish banquets and tournaments. For example, King James IV, who ruled from 1488 to 1513, was known for his grand Christmas celebrations at Stirling Castle, which included feasting, dancing, and gift-giving.
One notable historical quote from the period comes from the chronicler Robert Lindsay of Pitscottie, who described the Christmas festivities under James V in the early 16th century:
“The king kept Christmas with great joy and solemnity, with music, dancing, and the presence of many nobles and gentlemen.”
This quote highlights how Christmas was once a time of public celebration and social gathering in Scotland.
When Christmas Was Made Illegal
The joyful celebrations of Christmas did not last uninterrupted. The 17th century brought significant religious and political changes that affected how Christmas was observed in Scotland. The rise of the Reformation led to a shift in attitudes toward Christmas.
Many Scottish Protestants viewed Christmas as an invention with no biblical basis. They considered the holiday to be a form of idolatry and superstition. As a result, Christmas celebrations were discouraged and eventually banned by law.
In 1640, the Scottish Parliament passed an act that outlawed the observance of Christmas and other “superstitious” holidays. This ban was enforced strictly during the period of the Covenanters, a Protestant movement that sought to purify the church and society. The law forbade public and private celebrations of Christmas, including church services, feasting, and gift-giving.
The ban lasted for over 300 years. During this time, Christmas was largely ignored or quietly observed in private. Instead, Scots focused on New Year’s Eve, known as Hogmanay, which became the main winter celebration. Hogmanay traditions, such as “first-footing” (the first visitor after midnight bringing gifts), became deeply ingrained in Scottish culture.
A famous statement from the time reflects the strict view on Christmas:
“The observation of Christmas is a superstition, and the Lord’s Day alone is to be kept holy.”
This perspective shaped Scottish attitudes toward Christmas well into the 19th century.
Christmas in Modern Scotland
The ban on Christmas was lifted in the 19th century, and since then, Christmas has gradually returned as a major celebration in Scotland. Today, Christmas is widely celebrated across the country, blending traditional Scottish customs with modern festive practices.
Modern Scottish Christmas includes many familiar elements such as decorated Christmas trees, gift exchanges, festive meals, and public events. Cities like Edinburgh and Glasgow host popular Christmas markets, light displays, and winter festivals that attract locals and tourists alike.
Despite the late return of Christmas, some unique Scottish traditions remain strong during the holiday season:
Hogmanay continues to be a major celebration, often overshadowing Christmas itself. The New Year’s Eve festivities include fireworks, street parties, and the singing of “Auld Lang Syne.”
Christmas Markets and carol singing are popular, with many communities organizing concerts and church services.
Traditional Scottish foods like roast turkey, mince pies, and clootie dumpling (a spiced pudding) are enjoyed during Christmas dinners.
Schools and workplaces now observe Christmas holidays, and shops and streets are decorated with festive lights and ornaments. The Scottish government officially recognizes Christmas as a public holiday, and many families gather to celebrate with warmth and cheer.
Christmas in Scotland has traveled a remarkable path from medieval feasts to centuries of prohibition, and finally to the vibrant celebrations seen today. Understanding this history adds depth to the festive season and highlights how traditions evolve over time.
Whether you are visiting Scotland during the holidays or celebrating with Scottish friends and family, appreciating this unique history enriches the experience. Scotland’s Christmas story reminds us that celebrations can change but the spirit of togetherness and joy remains strong.